We measure temperature colour in a measurement known as Kelvin which is used to counterbalance the lights and the scale used is known as Ascetic scale which is used for a visual aspect for instance the hotter the colour temperature means lower the Kelvin whereas cooler the colour temperature means higher the Kelvin (which is a multitude of light commonly used in the industry).Gels also known as filters are commonly used in certain scenarios to create an alternative colour e.g: if your camera portrayed warm tones and you wanted to add a cool tone you would use a blue filter to create this effect, vice versa.
Defusions which are similar looking to tracing paper are used to defuse the light sources to soften a colour as well as a black filter used for neutral density. Current popular filters are produced by lee filters which is a known big manufacturers.
You balance a camera by matching the your current light situation to one of the icons to the right hand side, these interpret light sources accordingly.
White balance is the colour symmetry on a digital camera and measures the intensity and quality of a light source. Most cameras are equipped with built in sensors to accurately assume the current light source to process the image correctly although the image may be wrong if you've set the white balance to 2000K and your filming outdoors as this will produce an blue tinge to the overall shot itself. One alternative to ensure you end up with best results is to hold a white piece of paper to cover the shot and match this to the frame so that the camera casts itself to the right colour.
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